However, that is a distant dream. These people find themselves in a vicious circle of selective development – always on the edge of losing it all. They make the Eighty Percent – and for them escaping the vicious circle is a generational challenge.

After the success of Borrowed Dreams: The Canadian Experience in 2023, Insight Media has worked on a docu-series called the Eighty Percent, presenting its first part Ashamed of My Capital in 2024. The national capital is the pinnacle as the administrative, political, and cultural nerve center of a country. The national capital’s infrastructure, institutions, and global connectivity play a pivotal role in shaping the country’s development trajectory and projecting its influence on the world stage. One of New Delhi’s major institutions is its MCD dumpsites or rather its mountains of trash, an infrastructure like none. Our team decided to investigate one of these institutions and arrived at the Bhalswa landfill in Rajiv Nagar of north Delhi. 

Our documentary reflects upon the life of the people living around the Bhalswa MCD dumping site. It exposes the hardship and struggle people of Bhalswa are subjected to and have no control over. A skyline of eagles along with a rancid stench welcomed us at the hill. A local resident, Mohammad Ali recalls how their morning routine is no less than war being fought on the border. He states “We all are daily wage labourers not Beaurocrat. We have to wake up early in the morning, fill water from the tankers, get ready, drop our kids to school and also somehow reach our work at 9:00 every morning. It is not less than any war being fought on the border”. Another resident of the Bhalswa settlement talks about how the dumping site has taken away his prime years. For Ishak Ali breathing has become cumbersome to the point where he cannot walk two steps without losing his energy. A mother of a 10 month old baby shared about how she had to leave her child with her relatives as the fires, smoke, and leachate were making it impossible for her baby to stay with the mother.

The Julaha are the invisible layer of life separating the world from the hill of trash. This   community is recognised as a scheduled caste under the Indian constitution and majority of them are rag pickers and people that work on the garbage hill. We got to know about their story hidden from the world, never part of the mainstream news, buried underneath the hill of trash. They are subjugated to methane which causes neurological disorder, cognitive impairment, and acute respiratory disorder. All of these lead to serious growth and development stunting in future generations, making sure leaving the vicious cycle of poverty and lack of social mobility is unfeasible. 

The Bhalswa landfill is an un-engineered site lacking necessary technology to prevent the environment from degradation. Moreover, the landfill exceeds the limit of 20 meters of height for un-engineered landfills. Without the essential technology all that accumulates at the hill finds its way in the groundwater and the nearby water body. We decided to test the MCD water that is supplied by the Delhi government to the people living near the Bhalswa settlement, water that is claimed to be fit for drinking. The water sample was given to the Shree Ram Food and Pharma research centre to test for quality of drinking water.                                                                                        

The report revealed the water to be infested with high levels of calcium, magnesium, and total dissolved solids (TDS). These can cause health issues like kidney stones if consumed regularly.  The presence of coliform bacteria, commonly found in sewage and waste, suggests serious microbial contamination. This makes the water unsafe and poses risks of waterborne diseases. High levels of heavy metals and hardness can damage kidneys, liver, and bones over time. This report was shared with Dr. Sandihya Bhargava, a public health expert. He relayed his views as “Heavy metals can cause severe damage to the liver, skin, it’s also carcinogenic in nature and coliform bacteria particularly can also result in severe diarrhea, which is also one of the leading causes of undefined mortality across India. Root cause, there are, uh, many root causes of it. First and foremost is industrial affluence going in the water bodies, then human waste going into water bodies, improper water disposal plant, and excess, at times, uh, to reduce the amount of, uh, bacteria or pollutants in the water. The government uses chlorine, they put chlorine into the water and at times is, uh, filled excessively.” To watch the documentary and doctor’s analysis find the link here.

The eagles circling above Bhalswa seem to symbolize the grim reality of its residents—waiting to claim the remains of their dreams, aspirations, and, eventually, their lives. The rancid stench is a metaphor for the false promises made to these people, promises as toxic as the environment they endure.

Insight Media’s Ashamed of My Capital sheds light on the plight of Bhalswa’s residents and the systemic neglect they face. To watch the full documentary and Dr. Bhargava’s analysis, click here.

The story of Bhalswa is not just about a landfill; it is a mirror reflecting the failures of urban development, governance, and humanity itself.

Here is a summary of the key points:

1. Victims: The killer targeted homeless men, often found in secluded areas of South Mumbai. There were seven confirmed victims, and each was killed in a similar manner, often by being bludgeoned to death.
2. Crime Scenes: The murders took place in various parts of South Mumbai, including the Marine Lines and Churchgate areas. The presence of beer bottles at the crime scenes was a signature element, leading to the moniker “Beer Man.”
3. Investigation: The Mumbai police launched an extensive investigation, but the case proved challenging due to the lack of witnesses and concrete evidence. The randomness of the attacks and the lack of a clear motive further complicated the investigation.
4. Arrest: In January 2008, Ravindra Kantrole, a 42-year-old former police informer with a criminal background, was arrested and charged with the murders. Kantrole had been linked to one of the crime scenes through forensic evidence. He was initially convicted of one murder but later acquitted due to insufficient evidence.
5. Aftermath: Despite the arrest and trial of Kantrole, doubts remained about whether he was indeed the “Beer Man.” The lack of conclusive evidence and the subsequent acquittal left the case unresolved in the eyes of many.

The “Beer Man” killings remain one of Mumbai’s most notorious unsolved murder cases, shrouded in mystery and speculation.

Early on Monday, local police received a distress call alerting them to the situation. Upon arrival, they found Rakesh Dodwa, 27, his wife Lalita Dodwa, 25, and their children Laxmi, 9, Prakash, 7, and Akshay, 5, hanging inside their residence. The shocking discovery was made at around 7 AM, leaving the community in deep sorrow and confusion.

“The report of five deaths in Ravdi village, Sondwa tehsil, was received at 7 AM today,” confirmed a police official. The authorities have launched a thorough investigation led by the Sub Divisional Officer of Police (SDOP) of Alirajpur to uncover the circumstances surrounding this tragic incident.

This case bears a chilling resemblance to the Burari incident in Delhi, where 11 family members were found dead in their home nearly four years ago. The Burari case shocked the nation, with the family discovered hanging in their home in a ritualistic manner, bound and blindfolded. Investigations revealed that the family had been influenced by delusional beliefs and a shared psychotic disorder, leading to their tragic demise.

The bodies in Alirajpur have been sent for autopsy, as investigators work diligently to piece together the events that led to this heartbreaking outcome. The community is left grappling with the emotional impact of such a profound loss, seeking answers and solace in the face of such a grim reality.

As the investigation unfolds, local authorities are committed to providing clarity and support to the affected community. The emotional toll of such incidents is profound, and efforts are being made to address the mental health and financial well-being of families to prevent similar tragedies in the future.

The tragic deaths of Rakesh, Lalita, Laxmi, Prakash, and Akshay Dodwa serve as a stark reminder of the vulnerabilities that exist within our communities. As we mourn their loss, we must also strive to understand and address the root causes of such tragedies, working collectively to prevent them from recurring. The investigation in Alirajpur continues, with authorities determined to provide answers and prevent future occurrences of such devastating events.

The Rise of Koo

Koo was founded by entrepreneurs Aprameya Radhakrishna and Mayank Bidawatka with the vision of creating a social media platform tailored to the needs of Indian users. The app gained significant traction, particularly during periods of heightened tensions between the Indian government and international tech giants like Twitter. Prominent figures, including politicians, celebrities, and government officials, were quick to adopt Koo, leveraging its multilingual capabilities to reach a broader audience.

Why Koo Stood Out

One of Koo’s standout features was its support for a variety of Indian languages, including Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, and more. This linguistic inclusivity allowed users from different regions to communicate and share their thoughts in their native languages, making the platform a unique and inclusive digital space.

Additionally, Koo’s user-friendly interface and commitment to adhering to local laws and regulations helped it gain favor among Indian users who were seeking an alternative to Western social media platforms. The app’s ability to provide a space for regional discourse and its alignment with the “Vocal for Local” initiative resonated deeply with its user base.

Challenges Faced by Koo

Despite its initial success and rapid growth, Koo faced several challenges that ultimately led to its shutdown. The primary issue cited by the founders was the difficulty in sustaining business operations amidst fierce competition from well-established global platforms. Monetization proved to be a significant hurdle, as the platform struggled to attract enough advertisers and generate sufficient revenue to cover its operational costs.

Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological advancements and user expectations in the social media space posed a constant challenge. Koo had to continuously innovate and upgrade its platform to keep up with the evolving digital landscape, which required substantial investment and resources.

Official Announcement and User Reactions

In their official statement, Koo’s founders expressed their gratitude to the millions of users who supported the platform. They assured users that their data would be securely handled during the shutdown process and thanked the community for being a part of Koo’s journey.

The news of Koo’s shutdown was met with a mix of disappointment and nostalgia from its user base. Many users took to social media to express their regret over losing a platform that had become an integral part of their digital lives. Some users reminisced about their favorite moments on Koo, while others voiced their hopes for the emergence of similar homegrown alternatives in the future.

Conclusion

Koo’s shutdown marks the end of a notable chapter in India’s social media landscape. While the platform faced insurmountable challenges, its legacy as a pioneer in promoting regional language discourse and digital inclusivity will be remembered. As the digital world continues to evolve, the story of Koo serves as a reminder of the importance of innovation, adaptability, and the unique needs of diverse user communities in the ever-changing social media sphere.

The Genius of R.D. Burman

R.D. Burman was born into a musical family, being the son of the legendary music director S.D. Burman. His entry into the world of music seemed almost preordained, and he quickly carved out a niche for himself with his distinctive style. Burman’s ability to fuse rock, disco, jazz, and classical music with traditional Indian sounds was revolutionary. His work in movies like “Sholay,” “Amar Prem,” and “Yaadon Ki Baaraat” showcased his versatility and his knack for creating timeless melodies.

His innovative approach to music can be seen in songs like “Dum Maro Dum,” which incorporated psychedelic rock influences, and “Mehbooba Mehbooba,” with its Middle Eastern undertones. Burman’s music was not just about entertainment; it often pushed the boundaries of what was expected in Bollywood at the time, bringing a fresh perspective to film scores and soundtracks.

The Shadow of Plagiarism

Despite his towering achievements, R.D. Burman has often been accused of drawing heavily from Western music, leading to allegations of plagiarism. This aspect of his career, while controversial, highlights a broader trend within Bollywood, where the lines between inspiration and imitation often blur.

1. “Mehbooba Mehbooba” and Demis Roussos’s “Say You Love Me”: The iconic song from “Sholay” (1975) bears a striking resemblance to Demis Roussos’s “Say You Love Me” (1974). The melody and structure are notably similar, showcasing Burman’s knack for adapting and Indianizing Western tunes.
2. “Tumse Milke” and Leo Sayer’s “When I Need You”: The romantic ballad from “Parinda” (1989) mirrors the melody of Leo Sayer’s 1976 hit.
3. “Chura Liya Hai Tumne Jo Dil Ko” and Bojoura’s “If It’s Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium”: This beloved song from “Yaadon Ki Baaraat” (1973) closely follows the tune of Bojoura’s 1969 track.
4. “Mil Gaya Humko Saathi” and ABBA’s “Mamma Mia”: The 1977 song “Mil Gaya Humko Saathi” draws from ABBA’s famous 1975 hit.
5. “Jeevan Ke Din” and Francis Lai’s “Love Story Theme”: The theme from “Love Story” (1970) can be heard in “Jeevan Ke Din” from “Bade Dilwala” (1983), again reflecting Burman’s eclectic influences.
6. “Aao Twist Karein” and Chubby Checker’s “Let’s Twist Again”: The 1965 song from “Bhoot Bungla” is a clear adaptation of Chubby Checker’s 1961 hit, highlighting Burman’s ability to infuse Western rock and roll into Bollywood music.
7. “Tera Mujhse Hai” and Elvis Presley’s “The Yellow Rose of Texas”: The melody of this 1973 song from “Aa Gale Lag Jaa” is reminiscent of Elvis’s 1964 rendition.

Bollywood’s Culture of Borrowing

R.D. Burman was not alone in this practice; Bollywood has a long history of borrowing from Western music. This trend can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, Western music often provided a rich repository of melodies and rhythms that were novel to Indian audiences. Secondly, the film industry’s fast-paced nature sometimes necessitated quick solutions, making adaptations a practical choice. Lastly, there was an inherent cultural exchange, with Bollywood constantly evolving through the integration of diverse musical influences.

While such practices raise ethical questions about originality and artistic integrity, they also underscore a broader phenomenon of cultural assimilation and transformation. The adaptations often resulted in a unique sound that, while rooted in Western traditions, bore the distinct imprint of Indian musical aesthetics.

Did you know, that Pritam has copied 45+ songs too? Click here to know more.

Project Overview

The administration of Lakshadweep has announced the development of three premium water villa projects on the Minicoy, Suheli, and Kadmat islands. With an estimated investment of INR 800 crore, this project marks India’s first venture into the realm of water villas, similar to those that attract tourists to the Maldives. The villas will offer a unique, immersive experience, allowing guests to stay in luxurious accommodations set above the turquoise waters of the Indian Ocean.

The breakdown of the projects includes 150 keys for Minicoy at a cost of INR 319 crore, 110 keys for Suheli at INR 247 crore, and another 110 keys for Kadmat with an investment of INR 240 crore. This distribution is based on a comprehensive analysis of location suitability, technical feasibility, and financial viability. The administration has also ensured that all necessary clearances, including Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) approvals, are secured in advance, expediting the project’s progress.

Economic and Environmental Balance

The project’s core objective is to bolster maritime economic growth with a strong emphasis on sustainable tourism. The administration’s commitment to environmental protection is evident in its approach to development. By employing eco-friendly materials and pre-cast concrete technology, the ecological footprint of the construction is minimized. Additionally, the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar power, further underscores the project’s sustainable ethos.

The National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM) has played a pivotal role in assessing the viability and environmental impact of the water villas. Their involvement ensures that the development harmonizes with the delicate marine ecosystem, particularly the fragile coral reefs that are integral to the region’s biodiversity. This scientific approach guarantees a balance between enhancing local livelihoods and preserving natural resources.

Boosting Local Economy and Employment

One of the most significant benefits of the water villa project is its potential to boost the local economy. Tourism is a powerful engine for economic growth, and the development of high-end accommodations will attract both domestic and international visitors. This influx of tourists will create numerous employment opportunities for the local population, ranging from hospitality services to ancillary support sectors such as transportation and local crafts.

Furthermore, the public-private partnership model ensures that the project is financially sustainable and beneficial for all stakeholders involved. The government’s proactive role in facilitating permits and clearances reduces bureaucratic hurdles, encouraging private investors to participate in the region’s development.

A Paradigm Shift in Indian Tourism

The Lakshadweep water villa project represents a paradigm shift in Indian tourism, positioning the country as a competitor to established luxury destinations like the Maldives. This initiative is part of a broader strategy to diversify India’s tourism offerings, providing unique experiences that cater to high-end travelers.

In conjunction with similar projects in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India is poised to become a leader in sustainable island tourism. These developments are aligned with the goals of NITI Aayog and the central government’s vision of creating a world-class tourism infrastructure that is both economically viable and environmentally responsible.

]]> https://oninsight.in/2024/05/29/lakshadweeps-ambitious-water-villa-project-a-new-era-in-indian-ecotourism/feed/ 0 https://oninsight.in/2023/12/13/released-gpais-new-delhi-declaration/ https://oninsight.in/2023/12/13/released-gpais-new-delhi-declaration/?noamp=mobile#respond Wed, 13 Dec 2023 14:44:03 +0000 https://oninsight.in/?p=759 On December 13, 2023, the GPAI Ministers convened in New Delhi for their annual summit, hosted by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) in collaboration with the Centre for Responsible AI (CeRAI) at IIT Madras. Blessed by the presence of Honorable PM Narendra Modi, the event included a Research Symposium and a Global AI Expo. This year’s symposium, themed “Responsible AI in Public-Sector Applications,” provided a global platform for researchers to share insights. The Expo showcased AI innovations addressing critical challenges and benefiting society, with the participation of industry leaders, policymakers, innovators, and stakeholders from 38 countries and the EU, including Mr. Ashwini Vaishnaw, serving as the Minister for Railways, Communications, Electronics & Information Technology; and Mr. Rajeev Chandrasekhar, holding the position of Union Minister of State for Entrepreneurship, Skill Development, Electronics & Technology, and Jal Shakti in Government of Bharat.

GPAI collaborates to negotiate a consensus on the approach to AI by crafting a declaration document. Here is what the GPAI’s New Delhi Ministerial Declaration says:

GPAI New Delhi Ministerial Declaration

1. We, Ministers of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI), convening in New Delhi on 13^th December 2023:

2. Reiterate our unwavering commitment, since the GPAI Council Meeting in Japan last year, to the principles for responsible stewardship of trustworthy AI and values reflected in the OECD Recommendation on AI, as noted in GPAI’s Terms of Reference, rooted in democratic values and human rights, safeguarding dignity and well-being, ensuring personal data protection, protection of applicable intellectual property rights, privacy, and security, fostering innovation, and promoting, trustworthy, responsible, sustainable and human-centred use of AI. 

3. We further affirm our commitment to continue to work within our respective jurisdictions to advance safe, secure, and trustworthy AI, including, as appropriate, through the development of relevant regulations, policies, standards, and other initiatives.

4. We acknowledge the noteworthy progress and achievements under the leadership of Japan as the 2023 Lead Chair with India as the Incoming Support Chair and France as the Outgoing Support Chair. This includes significant efforts related to the strengthening of GPAI as a diverse and inclusive multistakeholder initiative.

5. We applaud the contributions of the Multistakeholder Experts Group (MEG) towards the GPAI projects. We affirm our commitment to supporting the sustainability of GPAI projects by undertaking the adoption of relevant projects, in line with country-specific contexts and priorities as well as the shared interests and priorities of the GPAI community.

6. We recognize the rapid pace of improvement in advanced AI systems and their potential to generate economic growth, innovation, and jobs across various sectors as well as to benefit societies. We acknowledge the need to harness new opportunities and mitigate the risks arising from the development, deployment, and use of such technologies. This includes concerns around misinformation and disinformation, unemployment, lack of transparency and fairness, protection of intellectual property and personal data, and threats to human rights and democratic values. We further acknowledge the need for equitable access to resources, which must be considered, accounted for, or addressed in order for societies to benefit from and build competitive AI solutions. We underscore GPAI’s pivotal role in addressing contemporary AI issues, including generative AI, through applied AI projects aimed at addressing societal problems and global challenges, maximising the benefits and mitigating associated risks.

7. We support the intention of India, as Lead Chair for 2024, in its endeavour to promote collaborative AI for global partnership among GPAI members by supporting projects aimed at promoting equitable access to critical resources for AI research and innovation, such as AI computing, high quality diverse datasets, algorithms, software, testbeds, and other AI-relevant resources in compliance with applicable intellectual property protections and data protection legislations. We reaffirm the importance of fostering (US DEL an)  equitable AI ecosystem (US Add s) that ensures diverse, inclusive and multistakeholder engagement, including from under-represented groups and communities facing vulnerabilities towards the responsible design,  development, deployment, and sustainable use of trustworthy AI.

8. We support the development, in a collaborative manner, of necessary knowledge, skills, infrastructure, policies, risk management frameworks and governance mechanisms to effectively and responsibly leverage AI technologies and applications, including among low and middle-income countries to harness the potential of AI advancements and manage the associated risks, including ensuring robust protection of rights, safety, and security.

9. We embrace the use of AI innovation in supporting sustainable agriculture as a new thematic priority for GPAI. We acknowledge the importance of promoting the development of and access to risk-proportionate trustworthy AI applications for ensuring sustainable food production systems and implementing resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, help regenerate ecosystems, strengthen capacity for mitigation and adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters, and that progressively improve land and soil quality, as well as promote inclusion and empowerment of workers in the agricultural supply chain.

10. We commend the efforts undertaken by India, the incoming support chair, the GPAI secretariat, the Expert Support Centres, and the Executive Council to foster enhanced member-expert collaboration and increase the visibility of GPAI, through efforts such as the member-facilitated GPAI working group convenings and the GPAI Innovation Workshop. 

11. We are committed to continuing and strengthening our advocacy efforts to enhance the public visibility of GPAI’s outputs and facilitate the adoption of relevant work wherever feasible. 

12. We note the international community’s efforts over the year to drive international collaboration on AI. To this end, we acknowledge GPAI’s contribution to the G7 leaders’ statement on the Hiroshima AI Process, the Bletchley Declaration, and the G20 New Delhi leaders’ declaration as steps towards working together, in an inclusive manner, to promote trustworthy AI that supports the good of all. 

13. We reaffirm our dedication to strengthening GPAI’s independent and unique identity as a key multilateral initiative for practical approaches to advancing the trustworthy development, deployment, and use of AI. We are committed to positioning GPAI as a nodal initiative that plays a key role in global cooperation on AI innovation and governance, along with its expert support centres. Towards this, we support GPAI’s further engagement with other relevant international fora such as the G20, G7, OECD, UNESCO and other UN bodies, to leverage synergies and avoid duplication of efforts.

14. We reaffirm our commitment to pursuing a diverse membership, with a particular focus on low and middle-income countries to ensure a broad range of expertise, national and regional views and experiences based on our shared values. We are committed to ensuring that GPAI’s mission has a global impact, and helps address diverse global and societal challenges.

]]> https://oninsight.in/2023/12/13/released-gpais-new-delhi-declaration/feed/ 0 https://oninsight.in/2023/09/29/borrowed-dreams-the-canadian-experience/ https://oninsight.in/2023/09/29/borrowed-dreams-the-canadian-experience/?noamp=mobile#respond Fri, 29 Sep 2023 08:50:33 +0000 https://oninsight.in/?p=726 “If I would’ve invested the same amount that I did here in Canada, in India, I would’ve had better opportunities in consideration to what I see in Canada” these are the sentiments being echoed by Indian students who spent a good amount of money to migrate to Canada for higher education. 

The Canadian Experience, a documentary made and produced by Insight in collaboration with the Centre for Policy Research and Governance (CPRG) with ANI as Media Partner, sheds light on the reality of Indian students’ life in Canada. With a huge housing crisis, crumbling healthcare, nominal employment opportunities, and a fee discrepancy, Indian Students now would much prefer to stay and study in India rather than migrate to Canada which ranks among the most preferred countries for higher education. 

Along with the USA and UK, Canada has been in the top three most preferred places for pursuing higher education for Indian students. Every year almost 3 Lakh students migrate to Canada, what is so special about it? Is it the lifestyle? Job opportunities? Quality Education? Our documentary exposes that it is none of the above and rather, just the good marketing and the glossy picture being painted by these ‘agencies’ that make families spend lakhs on fulfilling their children’s “Canadian Dream.” 

This documentary interviews two Indian students Ms. Vrinda Kathore and Mr. Namra Shukla who pursued higher education in Canada, and these two students tell tales of not only monetary loss but also lack of basic amenities and racial discrimination. 

Our objective through this documentary is to expose that one realises their mistake almost instantly when they land in Canada. The country has minimal livelihood in its northern part due to the harsh weather conditions, and it is there that the majority of the population has accumulated in Southern Canada, giving rise to a major housing crisis. The year 2022 saw the lowest vacancy rate in the country while rents kept on increasing due to high demand. 

The Rental Market report by CMHC suggests that there has been a 9.6% increase in rental prices from April 2022 to April 2023, i.e., A student who would be paying $1827 in April 2022 now had to pay $2004 in April 2023 for the very same property. It is because of this that international students have to compromise on decent living, and have to often live in overcrowded small apartments with no personal space or hygiene maintained. 

Canada has created an image of a country well-equipped with world-class healthcare facilities but in reality, it is crumbling. Vrinda tells us how her friend who got a burn had to sit in the waiting room for 5-6 hours just to even be looked at by the doctor. She herself got a waiting time of 4-5 months for something as simple as an X-ray since it is classified as a ‘non-emergency’ case.

Canada’s 65% of land is covered in snow, it has long harsh cold winters and short cool summers. It gets difficult for an Indian for whom sunlight is such an essential part of daily life. Seasonal Depression is common in international students who have to spend months with temperatures reaching -40 degrees cel. Namra, who had to live in a basement, shares how he did not see sunlight for days if he didn’t step out, and snow-covered roads make it difficult to commute on a daily basis while the buses halt their operations.

Most students dream that getting good jobs comes with the ‘abroad package’, but the reality is strikingly different, there is a severe lack of job opportunities due to which even the brightest of minds have to work in low-paying jobs just to sustain themselves and pay off their debts. In India, almost all colleges have a placement cell in place that offers internships and job opportunities, however, such is not the case in Canadian colleges [Georgian College, Barrie in this case] which boast of high-paying jobs on their websites. 

Another factor that contributes to Indian students regretting their decision is the discrepancy in fee structure where an international student is paying significantly higher than a domestic student. Where an international student is paying $8000 for a semester, a domestic student is paying $1500 for the same. It is worth noting that while Indian colleges waived or decreased the fee during online classes in the pandemic, no such luxury was given to these students in Canada. It has been calculated that Indian students contribute 8 Billion dollars to the Canadian Economy. 

What will shock you the most is the revelation that Cape Breton University in Nova Scotia admitted students beyond its capacity and is now making Indian students study in nearby Cineplex due to a lack of infrastructure. What should be called out is being marketed as an ‘innovation’ by the college in question. As Vrinda fairly points out- they are running a ‘facade’ in the name of quality education.

Why should a student invest a hefty amount and not even get a proper return? Why should a person choose a place so miserable when they can get far better education and facilities in their own country?

The question remains- Is the Canadian Experience worth it?

Watch the full documentary, made in collaboration with the Centre of Policy Research and Governance (CPRG) and released via Asian News International (ANI) to experience what has yet been unseen and unheard. This documentary went on to feature on a prime time show on NDTV within 24 Hours of release, with subsequent coverage on CNN-News18. 

]]> https://oninsight.in/2023/09/29/borrowed-dreams-the-canadian-experience/feed/ 0 https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/preserving-indias-decaying-treasure-kautilyas-arthashastra-manuscript/ https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/preserving-indias-decaying-treasure-kautilyas-arthashastra-manuscript/?noamp=mobile#respond Fri, 22 Sep 2023 21:44:07 +0000 https://oninsight.in/?p=707 In a modest room within the cash-strapped Oriental Research Institute (ORI) in Mysuru, an ancient manuscript lies neglected, silently withering away without proper care. This fragile document, inscribed on palm leaves, holds the essence of one of India’s most treasured works—Kautilya’s Arthashastra. Despite its historical significance, this invaluable manuscript remains tucked away, vulnerable to the ravages of time.

The Arthashastra, composed in Sanskrit during the Mauryan Empire, stands as one of the oldest treatises on governance, military strategy, politics, economics, justice, and the responsibilities of rulers. Scholars estimate its creation around the second century BCE, and it is attributed to Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, who served as the prime minister to Chandragupta, the first of the Mauryan rulers.

After the decline of the Mauryan Empire, this remarkable document was lost to history until its serendipitous rediscovery by Rudrapatna Shamashastri, a Sanskrit scholar and librarian, in 1905. Shamashastri stumbled upon the original Arthashastra hidden among stacks of palm leaf manuscripts at the ORI, founded by Mysore’s Wodeyar kings in 1891. The institute became part of the University of Mysore in 1916 and houses an impressive collection of around 70,000 rare palm-leaf manuscripts.

Recognizing the significance of his discovery, Shamashastri painstakingly transcribed the Arthashastra onto fresh palm leaves and published it in 1909. His scholarly dedication extended to translating it into English in 1915.

The revelation of the Arthashastra was a pivotal moment in Indian historiography, debunking the British Raj’s belief that India’s concepts of governance and military administration were influenced by the Greeks. Additionally, it usurped Niccolo Machiavelli’s “The Prince,” a 16th-century work, as the world’s oldest treatise on political philosophy.

Despite its profound historical importance, the original Arthashastra languishes in neglect within the ORI’s confines. S.A. Krishnaiah, a member of the institute’s committee, laments that the document is stored in a cushioned box, wrapped in cloth, without the protection of an air conditioner or dehumidifier. This neglect pains those who understand its true worth.

The ORI itself has grappled with financial constraints for years. In 2012, the US government provided a grant of $50,000 to address structural issues like a leaking roof. The Ford Foundation contributed dehumidifiers and air conditioners, but these have fallen into disrepair. The institute has also weathered two fires in the past due to faulty wiring in 1996 and 1998, sparking concerns that the Arthashastra and its collection of approximately 70,000 historic documents and manuscripts could have been reduced to ashes.

While efforts have been made to improve the institute’s infrastructure, including rewiring, relocating the book depot, and implementing painting and dust-proofing measures, the preservation of fragile documents has not received adequate attention. Research scholars who utilise the ORI’s resources assert that it lacks sufficient funding to manage manuscripts, hire experts, and maintain the building.

Dr. Shivarajappa, the director of ORI, acknowledges the need for focused efforts to revive the original Arthashastra document. He has proposed a grant of ₹3.5 crore from the government for this purpose and seeks additional staffing with expertise in preserving and documenting ancient manuscripts. His commitment to preserving this national treasure is underscored by his personal initiative to learn the latest techniques during a visit to the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute in Pune.

Despite its challenges, the ORI continues to welcome approximately 5,000 visitors each year, including scholars and students from around the world. Dr. Hemantha Kumar, the vice-chancellor of the University of Mysore, has pledged increased funding for ORI and emphasised that funds have been designated for the Arthashastra’s preservation. Additionally, the institute has the freedom to propose digitization projects for the Arthashastra as needed.

While digitization ensures broader access to the Arthashastra’s contents, the original manuscript remains incredibly fragile. Prof. L.N. Swamy, a senior history faculty member at the University of Mysore and former official of the Karnataka archaeology department, underscores that palm leaves have a longer lifespan than many other materials. However, even palm leaf documents require preservation efforts like air conditioning, dehumidifiers, and citronella oil coating to extend their lives.

As the original Arthashastra manuscript teeters on the brink of deterioration, scholars like Krishnaiah and others advocate for immediate, scientifically guided preservation measures. Regardless of the existence of copies and digitised versions, the value of safeguarding this priceless historical artifact cannot be overstated. It is a testament to India’s rich intellectual heritage, and its protection is a duty that must be upheld for future generations.

]]> https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/preserving-indias-decaying-treasure-kautilyas-arthashastra-manuscript/feed/ 0 https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/privacy-vs-security-examining-indias-groundbreaking-data-protection-bill-2023/ https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/privacy-vs-security-examining-indias-groundbreaking-data-protection-bill-2023/?noamp=mobile#respond Fri, 22 Sep 2023 21:38:11 +0000 https://oninsight.in/?p=704 India’s journey towards enacting a comprehensive data protection law reached a significant milestone as the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, was passed by the Rajya Sabha, following the Lok Sabha’s approval earlier. This legislative development signifies the country’s second attempt to establish a robust privacy framework. While this achievement is noteworthy, the Bill has sparked discussions, with privacy experts expressing concerns about certain provisions, including exemptions for the central government and its potential impact on online censorship and the Right to Information (RTI) Act.

Key Provisions of the Bill

Exemptions for the Centre:
One of the contentious aspects of the Bill is the provision that allows the central government to exempt “any instrumentality of the state” from the adverse consequences of data processing, citing reasons such as national security, foreign relations, and maintenance of public order. IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw defended these exemptions, citing scenarios like natural disasters and police investigations where swift action may be required without obtaining consent for data processing.

Comparison with GDPR:
Shri. Vaishnaw pointed out that the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) contains 16 exemptions, while India’s Bill has only four. However, privacy advocates argue that the Indian legislation grants broader powers to the government.

Penalties and Platform Blocking:
The Bill introduces penalties for entities that violate data protection norms. If an entity is penalized on multiple occasions, the central government, after a hearing, can decide to block its platform in the country. This provision adds a layer of enforcement not present in the 2022 draft.

Online Censorship Concerns:
Experts have raised concerns that the Bill, particularly the exemptions and penalties, could contribute to the existing online censorship regime, particularly under Section 69(A) of the Information Technology Act, 2000.

Impact on the Right to Information Act:
Critics worry that the Bill’s provisions protecting the personal data of government functionaries could potentially undermine the RTI Act by making it difficult to share such information with RTI applicants. Shri. Vaishnaw argued that the Bill harmonises RTI and personal data protection.

Data Protection Board:
The control of the Centre in appointing members of the Data Protection Board, which deals with privacy-related grievances and disputes, has been retained. The Chief Executive of the board will be appointed by the central government, raising questions about its independence.

Leeway for Data Processing:
The Bill allows certain “legitimate uses” of personal data without explicit consent. This includes national security, offering services, and employment-related matters.

Age of Consent:
The Centre can process data of citizens below 18 years without parental consent if the platform ensures data processing in a “verifiably safe manner,” addressing concerns in sectors like ed-tech and healthcare.

Cross-Border Data Flows:
The Bill simplifies cross-border data flows, moving from a whitelist to a blacklist approach, allowing data flows by default to all regions unless prohibited by the government. This aims to ensure business continuity.

Significant Data Fiduciaries:
The government can categorise entities as “significant data fiduciaries” based on factors like data volume, electoral democracy risks, and national security impact. Social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, and WhatsApp may fall under this category, necessitating the appointment of data protection officers.

Conclusion

The passage of the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, in India marks a significant step toward establishing a comprehensive data protection framework. However, the Bill’s provisions have raised concerns about exemptions, online censorship, and potential impacts on the RTI Act. As the Bill awaits the President’s assent to become law, it reflects India’s ongoing efforts to strike a balance between privacy protection and innovation, all while addressing the challenges posed by the digital age.

The implications of this legislation will be closely watched by various stakeholders, including businesses, privacy advocates, and citizens, as India navigates the evolving landscape of digital data protection. Balancing individual privacy rights with national security interests is a complex task, and the effectiveness of the Bill in achieving this balance will be revealed in its implementation.

]]> https://oninsight.in/2023/09/23/privacy-vs-security-examining-indias-groundbreaking-data-protection-bill-2023/feed/ 0